The sounds of from pin and bin are in overlapping distribution because they occur in both words. Sounds that occur in phonetic environments that are identical are said to be in overlapping distribution. Another feature of minimal pairs is overlapping distribution. In effect, words with one contrastive sound are minimal pairs. The examples from above, time and dime, are also minimal pairs. The words read and rude are also exactly the same except for the vowel sound. The words pin and bin are minimal pairs because they are exactly the same except for the first sound. These contrasting sounds can either be consonants or vowels. Minimal pairs are words with different meanings that have the same sounds except for one. They are distinctive sounds in English, and all distinctive sounds are classified as phonemes. and can therefore distinguish words, and are called contrasting sounds. The words are identical except for the first sound. Consider the differences between the words time and dime. This importance is shown by the fact that you can change one word into another by simply changing one sound. Knowing the sounds of a language is only a small part of phonology. Whereas phonetics is the study of sounds and is concerned with the production, audition and perception of of speech sounds (called phones), phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language and operates at the level of sound systems and abstract sound units.
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